Ancient map of Spain part of atlas Theatrum Orbis Terrarum by Abraham Ortelius

Ancient Map of Spain, from the atlas Theatrum Orbis Terrarum by Abraham Ortelius, is a 16th-century Renaissance cartographic engraving, first associated with the landmark atlas published in Antwerp in 1570. The map presents Spain and surrounding regions with detailed coastlines, place names, political divisions, and ornamental cartouches typical of early modern European mapmaking. As part of one of the first modern atlases, it reflects both geographic knowledge and decorative artistry of the period.

Abraham Ortelius was a Flemish cartographer, geographer, and publisher whose Theatrum Orbis Terrarum transformed mapmaking into a systematic atlas format. Working in Antwerp, Ortelius gathered and refined geographic information from leading sources across Europe. His elegant engravings, scholarly approach, and influence on later cartographers made him one of the most important figures in Renaissance cartography.